Micro USB 1A Lithium Battery Charger Module

The Micro USB 1A Lithium Battery Charger Module, commonly known as the TP4056 charger board, is one of the most widely used battery charging modules in the DIY electronics community. It is specifically designed to charge single-cell 3.7V lithium-ion (Li-ion) and lithium polymer (LiPo) batteries with high efficiency and safety. The module uses a linear charging topology, which provides clean, stable charging with minimal noise and interference—ideal for sensitive electronics. The charging process follows the standard CC/CV (Constant Current / Constant Voltage) algorithm: the battery is first charged at a constant current of up to 1A until it reaches 4.2V, after which the module switches to constant voltage mode and gradually reduces the current until the battery is fully charged. Input power is supplied through a standard Micro USB connector, making it compatible with any standard phone charger or USB power source. Two LED indicators show the charging status clearly—red indicates charging in progress and green signals a fully charged battery. The module also includes built-in safety features such as over-current protection, auto-current reduction at higher input voltages, and chip overheat protection. However, note that polarity reversal protection is NOT included, so users must carefully observe correct polarity when connecting the battery.

Specifications

• Module Type: Linear Lithium Battery Charger
• Main IC: TP4056 (or equivalent)
• Input Voltage: 4.5V – 5.5V DC
• Input Interface: Micro USB connector
• Maximum Charging Current: 1A (adjustable)
• Full Charge Voltage: 4.2V ± 1.5%
• Charge Precision: ±1.5%
• Charging Method: Constant Current / Constant Voltage (CC/CV)
• Charging Indicator: Red LED (charging)
• Fully Charged Indicator: Green LED (charge complete)
• Operating Temperature: -10°C to +85°C
• Reverse Polarity Protection: NOT included (observe polarity carefully)
• Auto Current Reduction: Yes (when input voltage exceeds 5.2V)
• Battery Type Supported: 3.7V Li-ion and LiPo (single cell)
• Output Voltage: Matches battery voltage during charging
• Charging Termination: Automatic at 4.2V
• Efficiency: Typical 70–80% (linear topology)

Important Usage Notes

• The ammeter should only be connected to the 5V input end of the module, not the battery output.
• Recommended charging current is 37% of battery capacity—for a 1000mAh battery, 400mA is optimal.
• Connection wires should not be too thick—use wires appropriate to the current level.
• Ensure solid solder joints at all connection points for safety.
• If input voltage exceeds 5.2V, the charging current will automatically decrease below 1A as a protection function to prevent chip damage.
• Never reverse the battery polarity—this will damage the module permanently.

Applications

• Used to charge single-cell lithium batteries in DIY electronics.
• Essential in portable electronic devices and gadgets.
• Employed in Arduino and Raspberry Pi projects requiring battery power.
• Used in IoT devices that need rechargeable battery support.
• Ideal for wearable electronics and fitness trackers.
• Applied in small LED flashlights and portable lamps.
• Used in Bluetooth speakers and audio equipment.
• Common in wireless sensor nodes and remote monitoring systems.
• Employed in GPS trackers and data loggers.
• Used in RC toys and hobby devices with lithium batteries.
• Found in power banks and emergency chargers (DIY builds).
• Applied in solar-powered projects as a battery charger.
• Used in drone and quadcopter battery chargers.
• Ideal for robotics projects with onboard battery power.
• Employed in educational electronics kits for teaching battery management.
• Used in camera and photography accessories.
• Applied in portable medical devices and diagnostic tools.
• Found in smart home devices requiring backup battery power.